The people of Assam have traditionally
been craftsmen from time immemorial. Though Assam is mostly known for its exquisite
silks and the bamboo and cane products, several other crafts are also made here.
Cane and Bamboo : Cane and bamboo have remained
inseparable parts of life in Assam. They happen to be the two most commonly-used
items in daily life, ranging from household implements to construction of dwelling
houses to weaving accessories to musical instruments.
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Metal Crafts : Bell-metal and brass have
been the most commonly used metals for the Assamese artisan. Traditional utensils
and fancy artiicles designed by these artisans are found in every Assamese household.
The Xorai and bota have in use for centuries, to offer betel-nut and paan while
welcoming distinguished guests.
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Handlooms : Assam is the home of several
types of silks, the most prominent and prestigious being muga, the golden silk
exclusive only to this state. Muga apart, there is paat, as also eri, the latter
being used in manufacture of warm clothes for winter.Of a naturally rich golden
colour, muga is the finest of India's wild silks. It is produced only in Assam.
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Toys : The toys of Assam have been broadly classified
clay toys, pith, wooden and bamboo toys, and cloth and cloth-and-mud toys. While
the human figure, especially dolls, brides and grooms, is the most common theme
of all kinds of toys, a variety of animals forms have also dominated the clay-toys
scene of Assam.
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Pottery : Pottery is probably as old as human
civilisation itself. In Assam, pottery can be traced back to many centuries.The
Kumars and Hiras are two traditional potter communities of Assam and while the
Kumars use the wheel to produce his pots, the Hiras are probably the only potters
in the world who do not use the wheel at all.
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Woodcraft : Assam has always remained one
of the most forest-covered states of the country, and the variety of wood and
timber available here have formed a part of the people's culture and ecomony.
An Assamese can identify the timber by touching it even in darkness, and can
produce a series of items from it.
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Masks : With tribal art and folk elements form
the base of Assamese culture, masks have found an important place in the cultural
activities of the people. Masks have been widely used in folk theatres and bhaonas
with the materials ranging from terracotta to pith to metal, bamboo and wood.
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Jewellery : Gold has always constituted
the most-used metal for jewellery in Assam, while the use of silver and other
metals too have been there for centuries. Gold was locally available, flowing
down several Himalayan rivers, of which Subansiri is the most important.
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