Odissi
dance is the typical classical dance form of Orissa and has its origin in the
temples. The rhythm, the bhangis and mudras used in Odissi dance have a distinctive
quality of their own. Odissi dance deals largely with the love theme of Radha
and Krishna.
It is a lyrical form of dance with its subtelety as its keynote. The intimate
relationship experienced between the poetry and music in Odissi is a feature
on which the aesthetics of the style is built. Odissi bases itself on a wealth
of systematized techniques which make this dance aesthetically appealing and
visually delightful. It is a "sculpturesque" style of dance with a
harmony of line and movement, all its own. What is interesting about Odissi
is that body position is not merely a part of the vocabulary or frame-work.
The posture by itself conveys a particular mood or message. The names of these
postures too express the moods they represent.
The different items of the Odissi dance style are Managlacharna, Batunrya or
Sthayi Nata, Pallavi, Abhinaya and Moksha. In mangalacharana the dancer dedicates
herself to the Lord and begs forgiveness of the Mother Earth for stamping her
feet upon her; she apologises to her audience for any shortcomings and offers
salutations to the Guru.
Batu Nrytya is pure dance. It begins with a series of sculpturesque poses symbolising
the playing of the veena, drum, flute or cymbals.
Pallivi is extremely graceful and lyrical. The tune is in some raga and is sung
to the accompaniment of Sargam and Bols. Through facial expressions abhinaya
depicts rasa and bhava to bring out the meaning and mood of songs. Generally
the songs written by poets, Banamali, Upendra Bhanja, Baladeva Rath, Gopala
and Jayadeva are sung.
Moksha Nrutya is the last item, performed to the accompaniment of rhythmic syllables.
It has a fast tempo. The soul of the dancer is supi to merge with the Divine
as the dancer becomes ecstatic. Odissi dance is an effort to come near God and
experience true bliss.
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